Tugas 6

/* Bsr. 1.1: bsr01_ISNUR.c     Using if statements, relational     operators, and equality operators */ #include <stdio.h> int main() {     float A, B, C, besar;     printf( "A =" );     scanf( "%f", &A );     printf( "B =" );     scanf( "%f", &B );     printf( "C =" );     scanf( "%f", &C );     if ( A > B )         besar = A;         else         besar = B;     if ( C > besar )         besar = C;         printf( "Terbesar = %f", besar );     return 0; }

A = 5 B = 15 C = 8 Terbesar = 15

Tugas 3

/* Lat. 0.3: lat03.c     Hitungan Pencacahan */ #include <stdio.h> int main() {     int C = 0, N = 14;     while ( C <= N )     {         printf("%d", C);         C = C + 2;     }     printf( "Hitungan Terakhir = %d", C - 2 );     return 0; }

0 2 4 6 8 10 14 Hitungan Terakhir = 14

Tugas 5

/* ling 1.1: ling01_ISNUR.c     area and round program */ #include <stdio.h> int main() {     float r, luas, keliling;     printf( "jari-jari = " );     scanf( "%f", &r );     luas = r * r * 3.14;     printf( "luas = %f\n", luas );     keliling = 2 * r * 3.14;     printf( "keliling = %f\n", keliling );     return 0; }

jari-jari = 100 luas      = 31400 keliling  = 628

Tugas 4

/* Lat. 0.4: lat04.c     Histogram printing program */ #include <stdio.h> #define SIZE 10 int main() {     int n[ SIZE ] = { 19, 3, 15, 7, 11, 9, 13, 5, 17, 1 };     int i, j;         printf( "%s%13s%17s\n", "Element", "Value", "Histogram" );     for ( i = 0; i <= SIZE-1; i++ )     {         printf( "%7d%13d ", i, n[ i ]);       for ( j = 1; j <=  n[i]; j++ )         printf( "%c", '*' );       printf( "\n");     } return 0; }

Hasil
19	*******************
3	***
15	***************
7	*******
11	***********
9	*********
13	*************
5	*****
17	*****************
1	*

Tugas 2

/* Lat. 0.2: lat02.c     Hitungan Pencacahan */ #include <stdio.h> int main() {     int C = 0, N = 6, D = 1;     while ( C <= N )     {         printf( "%d", D );         D = C + D;     }     printf( "Hitungan Terakhir = %d", D - 7 );     return 0; }

1 3 6 10 15 21 Hitungan Terakhir = 21

Tugas 1

/* Lat. 0.1: lat01.c     Hitungan Pencacahan */ #include <stdio.h> int main() {     int C = 2, N = 12;     while ( C <= N )     {         printf("%d", C);         C = C + 2;     }     printf( "Hitungan Terakhir = %d", C - 2 );     return 0; }

2 4 6 8 10 12 Hitungan Terakhir = 12

A Simple C Program

/* Latihan. 2.1: lat02_01.c A first program in C */ #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf( "Welcome to C!\n" ); return 0; }

Welcome to C!

• Comments

- Text surrounded by /* and */ is ignored by computer
- Used to describe program

• #include <stdio.h>

- Preprocessor directive
* Tells computer to load contents of a certain file
- <stdio.h> allows standard input/output operations

• int main()

- C++ programs contain one or more functions, exactly one of which must be main
- Parenthesis used to indicate a function
- int means that main "returns" an integer value
- Braces ( { and } ) indicate a block
* The bodies of all functions must be contained in braces

• printf( "Welcome to C!\n" );

- Instructs computer to perform an action
* Specifically, prints the string of characters within quotes (" ")
- Entire line called a statement
* All statements must end with a semicolon (;)
- Escape character (\)
* Indicates that printf should do something out of the ordinary
* \n is the newline character

• return 0;

- A way to exit a function
- return 0, in this case, means that the program terminated normally

• Right brace }

- Indicates end of main has been reached

• Linker

- When a function is called, linker locates it in the library
- Inserts it into object program
- If function name is misspelled, the linker will produce an error because it will not be able to find function in the library

History of C

• C
  
  - Evolved by Ritchie from two previous programming languages, BCPL and B;
  
  
  - Used to develop UNIX;
  
  
  - Used to write modern operating systems;
  
  
  - Hardware independent (portable);
  
  
  - By late 1970's C had evolved to "Traditional C".
• Standardization



- Many slight variations of C existed, and were incompatible;


- Committee formed to create a "unambiguous, machine-independent" definition;


- Standard created in 1989, updated in 1999.